What does redistricting refer to?

Redistricting refers to the process of redrawing the boundaries of electoral districts, particularly in response to changes in population as determined by the census. This process is essential for ensuring that each district has approximately equal representation in legislative bodies, reflecting shifts in demographics and population density. The primary goal is to maintain fair and effective representation; as populations grow or decline, districts must be adjusted to ensure that the number of constituents represented by each elected official remains equitable.

By focusing on population change, redistricting helps to uphold the principle of "one person, one vote," which is fundamental to a democratic system. Changes in population can occur due to factors such as migration, shifts in birth rates, and other societal changes, making it vital for electoral districts to be regularly updated. This is why the correct choice reflects the connection between redistricting and population dynamics.