What does the Fifth Amendment primarily guarantee?

The Fifth Amendment primarily guarantees the right to due process, which is a crucial element in protecting individuals against arbitrary and unfair legal actions. This amendment ensures that no person can be deprived of "life, liberty, or property, without due process of law." This means that the government must follow established legal procedures and cannot take these fundamental rights away without just cause and the opportunity for legal defense.

Additionally, the Fifth Amendment also encompasses other important protections, such as the right against self-incrimination and double jeopardy, reinforcing the legal system's commitment to fairness and justice. The emphasis on due process is essential because it safeguards individuals from being unfairly treated by the state, ensuring that everyone receives fair treatment under the law. Understanding this principle is vital for recognizing the broader intent of the Constitution to protect individual liberties and maintain a just legal system.