What is guaranteed by the First Amendment?

The First Amendment of the United States Constitution guarantees several fundamental rights that are essential to the functioning of a democratic society. Among these are the freedoms of assembly and speech. The amendment explicitly states that Congress cannot make laws that limit the freedom of speech or the right of the people to peaceably assemble. This protection allows individuals to express their opinions, engage in discussions, and gather in groups to advocate for causes they believe in, thereby fostering a vibrant public discourse and facilitating civic participation. These freedoms are crucial for the protection of individual liberties and the promotion of diverse viewpoints within society.