What major event did Abraham Lincoln lead the United States through?

Abraham Lincoln is most notably recognized for leading the United States through the Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1865. This conflict arose primarily over issues related to slavery and states' rights, resulting in significant division between the Northern states (the Union) and the Southern states (the Confederacy).

Lincoln's leadership during this tumultuous period was characterized by his commitment to preserving the Union and his resolve to see the abolition of slavery through the Emancipation Proclamation and the promotion of the Thirteenth Amendment. His ability to navigate the political landscape, maintain support for the war effort, and articulate a vision for a united nation after the conflict were crucial to guiding the country towards reconciliation. This pivotal moment in American history shaped the nation's future and solidified Lincoln's legacy as a key figure in the fight for equality and democracy.

In contrast, the other events mentioned are foundational to America, but they occurred either before Lincoln's presidency or in different contexts that did not involve his direct leadership.