What rights are protected by the First Amendment?

The First Amendment of the United States Constitution is fundamental in protecting several individual freedoms that are essential to a democratic society. Among these are the freedoms of religion, speech, press, assembly, and the right to petition the government.

Freedom of religion ensures that individuals can practice their faith without government interference, allowing for a diversity of beliefs and practices. Freedom of speech protects individuals' rights to express their opinions and ideas, which is crucial for democratic discourse and public debate. These freedoms are foundational to the American political system and enable citizens to engage actively in their governance and society.

The other choices do not pertain directly to the First Amendment. The right to free education and healthcare is not guaranteed by the Constitution. The right to bear arms is protected by the Second Amendment, and the right to vote is addressed in various amendments such as the Fifteenth and Nineteenth. Thus, the protections outlined in the First Amendment specifically highlight the fundamental freedoms of religion and speech, making it the correct choice.