Where can the expressed powers of Congress be predominantly found?

The expressed powers of Congress are predominantly found in the Constitution, specifically in Article I, Section 8. This section outlines the specific powers that Congress has, such as the authority to levy taxes, regulate commerce, declare war, and maintain armed forces. These powers are explicitly listed, which distinguishes them from implied powers that are not directly stated but arise from the necessary and proper clause.

The Constitution serves as the foundational legal document that defines the framework of the United States government, and the expressed powers are a critical component of this framework as they delineate the scope of Congressional authority. This clarity was intentional by the framers of the Constitution, as they wanted to ensure that the new government had the necessary powers to function effectively, while also placing limits on those powers to protect individual freedoms.

The other choices do not serve as the primary source for understanding the expressed powers. The Congressional Record is a document that contains the official transcripts of the proceedings and debates of Congress, but it does not outline the powers in a constitutional context. Federal statutes are laws enacted by Congress but derive their authority from the Constitution rather than defining it. Supreme Court rulings interpret the Constitution and laws but do not enumerate the powers themselves.